This paper presents numerical works on estimating some logistic models using particle swarm optimization (PSO).The considered models are the Verhulst model, Pearl and Reed generalization model, von Bertalanffy model, Richards model, Gompertz model, hyper-Gompertz model, Blumberg model, Turner et al.model, and Tsoularis model.We employ data on comme
We analyzed fabrication errors of nonperiodic-multilayer-dielectric gratings that were designed to have a high reflective diffraction efficiency for one wavelength and a high transmittance for another wavelength at the same time.Significant deviations were found between the measured and calculated efficiency values although the groove the gel bottl
The formal changes in the graphic designs come according to the determinants of the visual visual formation of the output of the design elements, which depend in their structure on work mechanisms that stem from the design idea and end with the processes formulated in the visual field.Which governs the appearance of the formal change because it rel
When conducting maneuver target tracking, trajectory initialization plays a crucial role in enhancing the accuracy of tracking algorithms.During maneuver target tracking, the accuracy of the tracking algorithm can be significantly improved through trajectory initialization.However, the traditional trajectory initialization algorithms face issues su